74 year old man with complaint of "spells" of left body numbness when he sneezes or turns his head quickly. Images from a right subclavian arteriogram are shown below.
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Case 1aThe right common carotid artery is occluded. Collateral circulation from the inferior thyroid artery supplies the superior thyroid artery which fills the external carotid retrograde. |
Case 1bThe external carotid artery is also receiving retrograde flow from a vertebral to occipital artery collateral. The ascending pharyngeal artery is filling from the vertebral system, likely through the neuromeningeal trunk. |
Case 1cThe cavernous internal carotid is reconstituted via the ascending pharyngeal artery. Vertebral to occipital artery flow, with filling of the external carotid artery, is again seen. |